The ‘green charcoal’ is made from discarded plant waste such as millet and sesame stalks or palm fronds.
As they zigzagged from one machine to another in the searing African sun, the workers were covered in black soot.
But the charcoal they were making is known as “green”, and backers hope it can save impoverished Chad from rampant deforestation.
Chad, a vast, landlocked country of 19 million people perched at the crossroads of north and central Africa, is steadily turning to desert.
It has lost more than 90% of its forest cover since the 1970s, hit by climate change and overexploitation of trees for household uses such as cooking, officials say.
“Green charcoal” aims to protect what forest is left.
A worker dries coal pebbles at Grace International’s coal production site in N’Djamena, Chad. — Photos: AFP
Made from discarded plant waste such as millet and sesame stalks or palm fronds, it is meant to save trees from being chopped down for cooking.
The product “releases less emissions than traditional charcoal, it doesn’t blacken your pots, it has high energy content and lasts up to three times longer than ordinary charcoal”, said Ousmane Alhadj Oumarou, technical director of the Raikina Association for Socioeconomic Development (Adser).
“Using one kilogramme of green charcoal saves six kilogrammes of wood.”
The group has installed a production facility in Pont Belile, just north of the capital, N’Djamena. There, workers grind up burnt plant waste, then mix it with gum arabic, which helps it ignite, and clay, which makes it burn more slowly.
The resulting black nuggets look like ordinary charcoal.
Like the traditional kind, it emits CO2 when it burns – but less, said Souleymane Adam Adey, an ecologist at the University of N’Djamena.
And “it contributes to fighting deforestation, by ensuring the trees that aren’t cut down continue to capture and store carbon”, he said.
A worker seals bags containing coal pebbles.
Refugee pressure
The conflict in neighbouring Sudan, which is facing one of the worst humanitarian crises in the world, is adding to the pressure on Chad, which has become home to more than 800,000 Sudanese refugees since 2023 – double the 400,000 it already hosted.
“Desertification has progressed in the regions that have been hosting Sudanese refugees for the past two years,” said Adser’s director, 45-year-old businessman Ismael Hamid.
Adser invested 200 million CFA francs (RM1.5mil) to launch the project, then won backing from the World Bank, which buys the charcoal for 750 CFA francs (RM5.60) per kilogramme.
The United Nations refugee agency, UNHCR, distributes the charcoal in refugee camps in eastern Chad.
A general view of pebbles of coal drying in the sun.
But Hamid said he hoped to expand production and slash prices to 350 to 500 CFA francs (RM2.60 to RM3.75) per kilo to make “green charcoal” available and affordable nationwide.
The plant currently produces seven to nine tonnes per day.
“If we want to meet the country’s needs, we have to increase our output by at least a factor of 10,” said Hamid, calling for subsidies to support the budding sector.
Environment Minister Hassan Bakhit Djamous said the government was working on a policy to promote such projects.
“We need to bet on green charcoal as an energy source for the future of our country,” he said. – AFP
